John loudon and thomas shaw



entren sra rss raranrN ortica.

JOHN LOUDON AND THOMAS SHAW, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

MACHINE FOR POLISI-IING- AND EQUALIZING THE NAP OR PILE ON THE SURFACES OF HATS.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 4,033, dated May 7, 1845.

To czZZ whom t may concern Be it known that we, JOHN LoUDoN and THOMAS SHAW, both of the city, county, and State of New York, machinists, have jointly invented and made and applied to use certain new and useful improvements in the mechanical means of polishing and equalizing the nap or pile or exterior fibrous matter forming the surfaces of hats, said improvements being intended to effect the same or a similar object to that obtained by' the operation of a teazel in the manufacture Figure l, is an end elevation, and F ig. 2,V

a general plan of the apparatus as the same has been invented and made and used by us,

the like letters and numbers as marks of ref# erence applying to the same parts in each J figure.

A, is the bed of a table or bench with legs uto carry the operative parts, Z9, are tie and bearing pieces, carryinga crank handle, and shaft c, this has, at the inn'er end, a miter or bevel wheel d, taking into a second similar wheel e, which is mounted on a vertical shaft f, that also carries the driving wheel g, which takes into a pinion ZL, on the foot of a Vertical mandrel shaft z', these wheels and shafts are partly shown by dotted lines indicating their position beneath the bed A, in Fig. 2, but `are shown more fully in Fig. l.

The mandrel shaft i comes through the bed A, to carry the hat block chuck [ein t-he center of which is xed a square tapered block to enter within shape blocks, made in the usual manner and placed around the inside of the hat to be operated on and servn ing with the tapered square on the chuck to hold the hat firmly and vertically .in place the flanch of the chuck 7c, serving to support the brim of the hat.

A fixed standard Z, carries an arm m,

movable by an eye around the top of the` standard Z, but held in place for work by a pin l, going through the eye of the arm m into the shoulder of the standard Z, a mort-isc in the arm Z, receives a vertical slide a, ad-

justable in place by a screw 2, and` carry-A ing at the lo-wer endV a horizontal brush 0 for the top of the hat. A secondary arm j), 1s secured by an `adjusting screw 3, to the end of the arm fm, and is fitted with a descending arm g attached bya screw 4, the arm g has on it a chop. piece r,- and between the arm y and'chop piece r, is placed one end of a flexible brush s, this end is to be `there confined and held for use by two screws 5, 5.

`The fiexible brush s is what is technically known in the trade as .the `looer and is tobe made of any t material such as hard stiff piled velvet or velveteen or strong worsted plush, or of bristles woven into any proper fabric, but the material of which this brush s, and the top brush 0, Vare made must be suited` to the quality o-f t-he hat under operation and the brush s, is to be made with a lianch in its lower edge to operate on the e upperV side of the hat brim as shown in the drawing, a small line t is to be attached to the loose end of the flexible brush or looer s and go over a pulley in the standard Z, and through a hole in the bed A, beneath which a weight v operates to pull upon the flexible brush or looer s, and keep it in close contact with the hat o-n the chuck 7c t-he movable arm m, and secondary arm p, being set in a right line with each other, or at a more or less deviation from a right line `will enable the workman to inclose more or less of the hat crown within the brush s, or extend or contract the operation according to the size of the hat.

Vhen thus constructed and put to operate with a hat on thechuck block, the attending workman moving the crank handle 0, communicates a very rapid but governable rotary motion to t-he hat on the chuck, and f outer ends of the furry or other fibrous matter on the surface of the hat will be loosened, so that the brushes will both raise and disavailable, and we do not intend to claim any of the parts used herein, as our own and exclusive invention because each taken separately has been already used for various purposes. But

3V e do claim as new and of our own in-V vention- The application of the vertical hat block chuck, 76, on the mandrel z' driven in any convenient manner beneath the bed A, in combination with the movable arm m secondary arm p, and descending arm g, with the chop piece 7, when suoli application and combination are employed as the means of using the horizontal brush 0 and flexible brush s, for the purpose of polishing and equalizing the nap or pile or exterior fibrous matter forming the surfaces of hats the whole constructed and operating substantially as herein described.

In witness whereof we the said JOHN LOUDON and THOMAS SHAW have severally hereunto set our hands and seals in the city of New York, this thirty-first day of December, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and forty-tour.

JOHN LOUDON. [Ls] THOMAS SHAW. [La] Witnesses W. TERRELL, L. W. TERRELL. 

